Three Spot Hogfish (Bodianus axillaris) - (No Online Purchases)

Three Spot Hogfish (Bodianus axillaris)

The Three Spot Hogfish, also commonly known as the Axilspot Hogfish, Coral Hogfish, or Turncoat Hogfish, is a vibrant species of wrasse found throughout the Indo-Pacific.

Scientific Name: Bodianus axillaris

Family: Labridae (Wrasses and Hogfishes)

Maximum Size: Up to 20 cm (about 7.9 inches) in standard length.

Conservation Status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1).

Gender Change: Like many wrasses, this species is a protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals may change from female to male over their lifetime.

Appearance and Colouration
The appearance of the Three Spot Hogfish changes dramatically between its juvenile and adult stages:

Juveniles/Females:Typically dark brown to black overall with several large, distinct white spots or blotches along the upper and lower flanks, giving it the nickname "Polkadot Wrasse."

Adult Males: Show a marked colour transition, being reddish-brown on the front half of the body and white on the posterior half, often with an orange tinge on the tail. They have three prominent black spots:

A large black spot at the base of the pectoral fin (the "axilspot").

A black spot on the soft part of the dorsal fin.

A black spot on the soft part of the anal fin.

Habitat and Distribution
Range: Widespread across the Indo-Pacific, from the Red Sea and South Africa east to the Marshall, Marquesan, and Tuamoto Islands, and north to Japan.

Habitat: Adults typically inhabit clear lagoon and seaward reefs in shallow water (1-8 meters), though larger fish can be found in deeper areas up to 100 meters. Juveniles are often found solitary in caves or under overhangs.

Cleaner Behaviour: Juveniles, and sometimes adults, have been observed acting as cleaner fish, picking parasites off other fish. 

Diet
The Three Spot Hogfish is a carnivore, primarily feeding on benthic (bottom-dwelling), hard-shelled invertebrates such as mollusks and crustaceans. They use their snout to search for food in the substrate.

Aquarium Trade
This species is occasionally seen in the aquarium trade.

Aquarium Needs:They require an aquarium of at least 100 gallons (or more) for adults, with plenty of stable rockwork for hiding and ample swimming space.

Temperament:They can be somewhat territorial and may be aggressive towards smaller or similar-looking tank mates. They are generally considered "reef safe with caution" as they may consume small crustaceans and invertebrates.